Leveraging Machine Learning and Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement to Unravel Perception of Emotion and Implied Movement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing is critical for advancements in emotional neuroscience. This study explores the relationship between emotion and motion perception using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in a structured experimental setup. We incorporate subjective intensity ratings to enrich the data by capturing the subjective experiences of participants in response to emotional stimuli with implied motion and no motion. Thirty university students participated in the study, where EEG data was collected and analyzed using threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) for time-domain analysis and Repeated Measures ANOVA for frequency-domain analysis. Furthermore, we developed a multimodal deep learning model to predict subjective intensity levels from EEG-derived features. This model leverages statistical, spectral, and auto covariance features, integrated through a transformer encoder layer, to enhance predictive capability. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of emotional processing in the brain and highlight the importance of incorporating subjective measures in neuroscience research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".