On inference of boxplot symbolic data: applications in climatology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a pioneering study on the inference of boxplot-valued data using both Bayesian and frequentist approaches within a multivariate framework. This approach leverages complex yet intuitive representations to make large datasets more manageable and enhance their interpretability, which is invaluable in the age of big data. Boxplot-valued data are particularly important due to their ability to capture the inherent variability and distributional characteristics of complex datasets. In our study, we propose novel methodologies for parameter estimation and density estimation for boxplot-valued data and apply these techniques to climatological data. Specifically, we utilize data from the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature Study, which aggregates 1.6 billion temperature reports from 16 pre-existing archives affiliated with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Our methods are validated through extensive simulations comparing the efficiency and accuracy of Bayesian and frequentist estimators. We demonstrate the practical applicability of our approach by analyzing summer average temperatures across various European countries. The proposed techniques provide robust tools for analyzing complex data structures, offering valuable insights into climatic trends and variations. Our study highlights the advantages and limitations of each inferential method, offering guidance for future research and applications in the field of climatology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.017 | 0.129 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".