TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in Sectors 10, 37 and 63. Ground-based follow-up photometric data were collected with the SPECULOOS-South (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars) and LCOGT-1m telescopes, and RV measurements were obtained with the Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph. We find that TOI-6508 b has a mass of Mp = 72.5−5.1+7.6 MJup and a radius of Rp = 1.03 ± 0.03 RJup. Our modeling shows that the data are consistent with an eccentric orbit of 19 day and an eccentricity of e = 0.28−0.08+0.09. TOI-6508 b has a mass ratio of MBD/M★ = 0.40, makes it the second highest mass ratio brown dwarf that transits a low-mass star. The host has a mass of M★ = 0.174 ± 0.004 M⊙, a radius of R★ = 0.205 ± 0.006 R⊙, an effective temperature of Teff = 2930 ± 70 K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = −0.22 ± 0.08. This makes TOI-6508 b an interesting discovery that has come to light in a region still sparsely populated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".