Task Specific Ionic Liquids for the Recovery of Rare Earth Element Europium from Coal Ash
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To meet the anticipated global transition to cleaner energy alternatives, the demand for critical metals must be met in all economies. Among the European Union designated critical metals, Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are the ones the supply of which has a current global over-dominance. Notably, Europium (Eu), a REE with a unique electronic structure that renders it critical for the manufacture of high precision luminescent and magnetic equipment has a current limited supply that needs to be addressed. To achieve this objective, its production from sources other than conventional geological deposits must be considered, and the potential for production using coal ash deposits from coal fired power plants deposit is the focus of the present review. Therefore, we have reviewed extensive literature to show the enormous potential of Task Specific Ionic Liquids (TSILs) for the recovery of Europium from coal ash deposits. Accordingly, we have shown that given the versatility in the design and manufacture of TSILs, the potential for the diversification of Europium supply from coal ash to mitigate over-monopoly in the supply chain is attractive and must be explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".