Detection of 532nm Laser Light Using a TiO2 Nanotube Integrated Microwave Resonator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Optical sensors play an important role in applications of the biomedical industry and in monitoring potentially hazardous gases. This paper presents an integration of TiO2 nanotube (TNT) membranes coated on a microwave split ring resonator (SRR) to detect a 532 nm laser light. A SRR was designed with integrated TNT membranes at an operational frequency of 8.006 GHz with a resonant notch amplitude of −11.4 dB. The illumination of TiO2 changed the dielectric properties (optical properties of the TiO2) of the material, and this variation was monitored through the transmission coefficient S21. The designed integrated microwave resonator achieved a resonant amplitude change of 0.6 dB with a 6 MHz frequency downshift in a duration of 10 seconds of 532 nm laser exposure. The laser operated at a power of 5 mW and was located at a distance of 30 cm above the target resonator. The proposed design is the first exploration of the integration of TNT membranes with a microwave resonator for pioneering new forms of optical sensors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".