Comparison of appearance dissatisfaction and appearance-related social discomfort among people with systemic sclerosis and burn injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction/Objective: Visible differences from medical conditions and injuries are associated with body image concerns, particularly among females and young adults. We compared dissatisfaction with appearance and social discomfort between people with systemic sclerosis and burn injury, since the extent and implications of appearance changes are well-established in burn injury. Methods: We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, EMBASE, and CINAHL to 8 December 2024 for studies that used the Satisfaction with Appearance Scale among adults with burn injury or systemic sclerosis. We emailed study authors and requested Satisfaction with Appearance Scale Dissatisfaction with Appearance and Social Discomfort subscale means and standard deviations for subgroups defined by sex (female, male) and age (18–44 years, 45–64 years, ⩾ 65 years). For each subgroup, we conducted a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the difference between mean scores for people with burn injury and systemic sclerosis. Results: We identified 17 eligible studies from nine unique cohorts. We obtained subgroup results from two of three eligible burn cohorts (2658 participants, 98% of total eligible) and five of six eligible systemic sclerosis cohorts (3402 participants, 99% of total eligible participants). Dissatisfaction with Appearance subscale scores were higher among people with systemic sclerosis compared to burn injury by 2.2 to 5.7 points (standardized mean difference = 0.20 to 0.53) for females and males across all age groups ( p < 0.05 for males aged 18–44 and 45–64 years). For social discomfort, differences were close to zero (standardized mean difference < 0.10) for females aged 18–44 and 45–64 years. For females aged ⩾ 65 years and all male age groups, scores were higher in systemic sclerosis than burn injury (standardized mean difference = 0.22 to 0.45), although none were statistically significant. Conclusion: Dissatisfaction with appearance and social discomfort appear to be similar or greater among people with systemic sclerosis compared to people who have been hospitalized with a burn injury.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.025 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".