Does knee joint arthropathy exist post-COVID-19 in the long term? A cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pain and inflammation in the joints of the lower limbs have been reported in people infected with COVID-19. The primary aim of this study was to investigate knee joint arthropathy after COVID-19 for one year or more, and the secondary objective was to assess the level of functional activities after the recovery of COVID.METHODS: Three hundred ninety-nine people who had recovered from COVID-19 for more than one year and were more than 18 years old participated in this cross-sectional study. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used online to assess pain, joint stiffness, and physical function. A 5-point Likert Scale and an unpaired t-test were used to measure percentages and differences between domains of the WOMAC.RESULTS: Most of the participants showed a significant increase in knee pain, stiffness, and difficulty with physical function (P<0.001) after recovery from COVID-19, with a total WOMAC score of 96.CONCLUSIONS: After recovery from COVID-19, knee arthropathy is a common symptom in addition to physical function impairment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".