Submaximal Angioplasty for Severe Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: Benefit of Revascularization at Last
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is a leading cause of stroke with a significant risk of recurrent ischemic events despite aggressive medical management. The longstanding benefits of percutaneous angioplasty and stenting in coronary artery disease, where atherosclerosis is the overarching cause in nearly all cases, provided a compelling rationale for exploring similar interventions in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. However, 3 percutaneous angioplasty and stenting randomized trials showed negative or neutral results. The recent BASIS trial (Balloon Angioplasty for Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis) was the first randomized trial in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis to demonstrate the benefits of endovascular treatment, suggesting that submaximal balloon angioplasty might be in the sweet spot between mitigating early complications and securing long-term efficacy. These findings represent a significant advancement in the field, reinvigorating the goal of effective revascularization as a viable secondary prevention approach for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. However, several uncertainties still need to be addressed before the widespread implementation of angioplasty in clinical practice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".