Phylogenetic Analysis of the Freshwater Mussel Nephronaias tempisquensis (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Popenaiadini) from Costa Rica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a recent phylogenetic study of Mesoamerican freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae), new molecular support for the tribe Popenaiadini was presented. Several genera of Mesoamerican mussels, including Nephronaias Crosse & Fischer, 1894, were predicted to be within the Popenaiadini tribe based on morphology, but this hypothesis had not been tested with molecular data. Several freshwater mussel specimens were recently collected in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. Based on the morphology of the specimens, the known distribution of Nephronaias in Costa Rica, and examination of specimens in the Zoology Museum of the University of Costa Rica, this species was identified as Nephronaias tempisquensis Pilsbry, 1920. After amplifying a gene extension characteristic of the male-transmitted genomes of freshwater-mussel species exhibiting doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mitochondrial DNA, it was concluded that N. tempisquensis exhibits DUI. Phylogenetic analyses of a combination of male- and female-transmitted mtDNA gene sequences and one nuclear gene region are consistent with the hypothesis that N. tempisquensis is a member of the Popenaiadini tribe and is closely related to the Mesoamerican Psoronaias/Psorula species complex. In addition to providing novel sex-related mtDNA data, the current study presents the first DNA sequence data for the genus Nephronaias and among the first molecular data published for native freshwater mussels from Costa Rica.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".