Bibliographic record
Abstract
Finite mixture regression identifies homogeneous groups within a sample and computes the regression coefficients in each group. Groups and group coefficients are jointly estimated using an iterative approach. This work extends the finite mixture estimator to the tails of the distribution, by incorporating quantiles and expectiles and relaxing the constraint of constant group probability adopted in previous analysis. The probability of each group depends on the selected location: an observation can be allocated in the best-performing group if we look at low values of the dependent variable, while at higher values it may be assigned to the poorly performing class. We explore two case studies: school data from a PISA math proficiency test and asset returns from the Center for Research in Security Prices. In these real data examples, group classifications change based on the selected location of the dependent variable, and this has an impact on the regression estimates due to the joint computation of class probabilities and class regressions coefficients. A Monte Carlo experiment is conducted to compare the performances of the discussed estimators with results of previous research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".