Corrosion and Material Degradation in Geological CO2 Storage: A Critical Review
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At present, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the only mature and commercialized technology capable of effectively and economically reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve a significant and immediate impact on the CO 2 level on Earth. Notably, long-term geological storage of captured CO 2 has emerged as a primary storage method, given its minimal impact on surface ecological environments and high level of safety. The integrity of CO 2 storage wellbores can be compromised by the corrosion of steel casings and degradation of cement in supercritical CO 2 storage environments, potentially leading to the leakage of stored CO 2 from the sites. This critical review endeavors to establish a knowledge foundation for the corrosion and materials degradation associated with geological CO 2 storage through an in-depth examination and analysis of the environments, operation, and the state-of-the-art progress in research pertaining to the topic. This article discusses the physical and chemical properties of CO 2 in its supercritical phase during injection and storage. It then introduces the principle of geological CO 2 storage, considerations in the construction of storage systems, and the unique geo–bio–chemical environment involving aqueous media and microbial communities in CO 2 storage. After a comprehensive analysis of existing knowledge on corrosion in CO 2 storage, including corrosion mechanisms , parametric effects , and corrosion rate measurements, this review identifies technical gaps and puts forward potential avenues for further research in steel corrosion within geological CO 2 storage systems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it