Practical compendium of antiarrhythmic drugs: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Compendium of Anti-arrhythmic Drugs (AADs) offers advice on these drugs, focusing on their clinical use and the global impact of cardiac arrhythmias. This document aims to provide practical instructions to clinicians in arrhythmia management through pharmacological strategies. The compendium highlights persistent challenges in arrhythmia treatment, including clinical constraints, procedural risks, and the complexity of certain arrhythmias. Notably, atrial fibrillation is highly prevalent, and the demand for invasive treatment often surpasses the capacity of existing healthcare systems. As a result, pharmacological management remains essential. This is particularly relevant for patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices or channelopathies, where ablation is often not a suitable option. Anti-arrhythmic drugs play a pivotal role in these scenarios. The compendium introduces the ABC framework for AAD therapy: A (Appropriate therapy), for patients in whom AADs are the best therapeutic option; B (Backup therapy), as adjunctive treatment to invasive procedures, such as catheter ablation; and C (Complementary therapy), in combination with other therapies. The document provides detailed insights into the mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety profiles, and drug interactions of each class of AADs. Additionally, the compendium covers practical considerations, including initiation, combination strategies, monitoring, follow-up, special populations, and adverse effect management, with an emphasis on pro-arrhythmia risk mitigation. It also explores the integration of AADs with other therapeutic modalities, promoting a synergistic approach to optimize patient outcomes. In summary, this compendium serves as an indispensable resource for clinicians, offering practical advice and evidence-based insights to navigate the complexities of arrhythmia management effectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".