Social information use increases with decreasing winter temperature in a passerine bird
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Foragers can gain knowledge of profitable foraging opportunities either by sampling the environment directly (asocial information) or from congeners (social information). The relative benefit of using social information over asocial information is context-specific, and social information use is expected to be particularly beneficial when the costs of acquiring asocial information are high, for example, due to high risk of starvation if asocial information fails. We investigated the plasticity of social information use in an overwintering population of black-capped chickadees ( Poecile atricapillus ) as they rediscovered an intermittently available food source. Lower temperatures impose energetic costs that increase the risk of starvation in chickadees; therefore, lower temperatures are predicted to favour higher use of social information. To test this prediction, we evaluated chickadees’ reliance on social information during foraging as ambient temperatures ranged from −11.0°C to 5.5°C. We evaluated the relative strength of reliance on social and asocial information using network-based diffusion analysis. We found increased reliance on social information transmission with decreasing temperature. Reversible plasticity of social information use may be an important mechanism to cope with low ambient temperatures, a seasonal challenge experienced by many animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".