MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4409101444 · doi:10.3390/jrfm18040193

Application of a Slack-Based DEA Approach to Measure Efficiency in Public Sector Banks in India with Non-Performing Assets as an Undesirable Output

2025· article· en· W4409101444 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of risk and financial management · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldDecision Sciences
TopicEfficiency Analysis Using DEA
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMeasure (data warehouse)Public sectorBusinessOperations managementEconomicsComputer scienceData miningEconomy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Ignoring the presence of non-performing assets makes efficiency measurement inappropriate and incomplete. Thus, the present study considers non-performing assets as an undesirable output and applies the slack-based efficiency model to measure the efficiency of public sector banks in India during 2004–2005 to 2018–2019. A two-metric performance assessment of sample banks is carried out using mean efficiency and the non-performing assets management ratio. This study is extended to investigate determinants of bank efficiency using a fixed effects model and dynamic panel data regression on the contextual variables. Results show that profitability as measured by return on equity (ROE) and priority sector exposure have had no impact on efficiency. However, cost of deposits and capital adequacy ratio have a significant negative impact on the efficiency of public sector banks in India. Most importantly, the study finds a decline in efficiency in recent years, indicating a necessity of serious efforts for revamping these state-owned banks.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.006
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.389
Threshold uncertainty score0.439

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0060.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0030.004
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.293
Teacher spread0.264 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it