Geochemical stability of vitrified glass prepared from arsenic trioxide roaster waste from the Giant Gold Mine (Yellowknife, NT)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluated the geochemical stability of three ATRW-based glasses, containing 5 wt% As (G5), 10 wt% As (G10), and 15 wt% As (G15), using selective extraction protocols. Micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) maps incorporated with micro-X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (µ-XANES) and bulk XANES across the As K-edge were collected to determine the distributions and oxidation number of As within the glasses. Antimony K-edge XANES were collected to determine oxidation number of Sb within the glasses. Uncrushed or crushed subsamples were immersed into solutions to target the potential for dissolution of the vitrified glasses under different environmental characteristics, including phases associated with water-soluble, cation/anion exchangeable, weak-acid extractable, amorphous-to-poorly crystalline, oxidizable, and strong-acid leachable. No discrete particles of ATRW were observed in the µ-XRF maps. Results of XANES analysis across the As K-edge and the Sb K-edge suggests G5 mainly contains oxidized As and Sb phases, whereas G10 and G15 contain up to 30% of As(III) and Sb(III), respectively. Water-soluble extractable As concentrations from the glasses (<0.001 g L −1 ) were all 10 4 times lower than from the ATRW in water at 25 °C (10 g L −1 ). Limited As release (<0.025 mg g −1 per mass of glass) from the glasses occurs in solutions targeting exchangeable phases. Release of As increases in more acidic solutions (pH< 3), especially in solutions targeting amorphous-to-poorly-crystalline phases. Crushed glasses leach commensurately higher masses of As. The results of this study indicate that vitrifying ATRW decreases its solubility and associated As release.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".