Cyclodextrin-based liquid crystals: A novel approach to promote the formation of thermotropic cubic mesophases and their potential applications as electrolytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the synthesis and mesomorphic studies of a family of amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin derivatives that are polyesterified at the secondary face with either 14 lauroyl or 14 stearoyl chains (apolar), and 7 tri- or tetra-ethylene glycols (polar) at the primary face. The end of each tri- and tetra-ethylene glycol chain is further modified with different terminal functionalities in term of their dipole moment (O-methyl vs O-acetyl vs O-2-cyanoethyl). This has generated several subgroups of amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin derivatives with a systematic change of their relative volumes of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Our studies showed that all these derivatives self-assemble into thermotropic liquid crystals, with the majority forming hexagonal column mesophases while three compounds form a bicontinuous cubic phase. We rationalized the mesomorphic behaviour of these compounds in term of the relative total van der Waals fractional volumes occupied by the hydrophilic and hydrophobic chains. Upon added with LiTFSI, the formed bicontinuous cubic phase (as a pure compound) was found to transition to form the more stable smectic A mesophase (composite), and both solid NMR studies and impedance spectroscopy revealed that these novel amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin-based liquid crystalline materials have the potential to be used as efficient electrolytes for lithium conduction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".