Life history implications of kinship structure in an Atlantic herring aggregation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kinship in natural marine fish systems has been little explored especially for very abundant and commercially exploited marine fish with broadcast spawning. Recent advances in genomics have however facilitated an improved understanding of population structure in marine systems at fine geographic scales. Here, we identify kinship structure in an aggregation of Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus) juveniles. We identified 11 and potentially up to 14 half-sib pairs using a suite of 92 sequenced microsatellite DNA markers in a sample of N = 1391 herring individuals comprising two cohorts (ages 0 + and 1+) collected from the 2018 Fall research survey of the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. We discuss the detection of three potential full-sibs in the data by way of association where two individuals are half-sibs to a third but not to each other. This putative full-sib pair was detected in the kinship analysis albeit outside the significance threshold used ( λ* = 12). This study suggests the presence of kinship structure in a juvenile herring aggregation 3 months or more post hatching with implications for our understanding of herring early life history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".