Enhancing lithium-sulfur battery performance through the synergistic effects of Congo Red and SnO2 nanoparticles in separator modification layers
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• A Congo Red/SnO 2 nanocomposite is utilized to modify the battery separator. • The modified separator markedly improves lithium–sulfur battery performance. • The composite effectively inhibits polysulfide shuttling and enhances redox kinetics. • An initial capacity of 1377 mAh g ⁻¹ is achieved with 91 % retention after 300 cycles. The performance of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is hindered by polysulfide shuttling and sluggish redox kinetics, resulting in rapid capacity fading and poor cycle life. This study presents a new strategy for improving LSB performance by modifying the separator with a Congo Red (CR)-tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) nanocomposite (CR-SnO 2 ), leveraging its synergistic interactions to enhance polysulfide immobilization and lithium-ion transport. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirm the uniform dispersion of SnO 2 nanoparticles within the CR matrix, creating a stable and functional separator coating. LSBs employing glass fiber (GF) separators modified with CR-SnO 2 /SP/PVP, a composite of CR-SnO 2 , Super P (SP), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), achieve an initial specific capacity of 1377 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1C and demonstrate remarkable cycle stability, retaining 91 % of capacity after 300 cycles at 0.5C. Additionally, the modified separator significantly enhances rate performance by reducing charge-transfer resistance and improving redox kinetics. Compared to cells with SnO 2 /SP/PVP or CR/SP/PVP-modified separators, which show limited performance improvements, the CR-SnO 2 -modified separator enables superior polysulfide adsorption and enhanced ionic conductivity, effectively mitigating the shuttle effect. This work advances surface and interface science by demonstrating how the functionalization of separator materials with a synergistic organic-inorganic composite can simultaneously regulate polysulfide conversion and facilitate efficient ion transport. The findings provide new insights into interfacial engineering strategies for improving LSB performance and offer a promising approach for developing high-energy, long-cycle LSBs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it