Barriers and Facilitators to Self‐Management of Multimorbidity Among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Immigrants: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM: To explore the barriers and facilitators to self-management of multimorbidity of culturally and linguistically diverse immigrants, primarily Black individuals and people of colour (e.g., South Asian, Middle Eastern). DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive design was used. METHODS: This study was conducted in Newfoundland in Atlantic Canada. A purposive and snowball sample of 20 culturally and linguistically diverse immigrants was recruited, and semi-structured interviews were conducted during January to May 2023. Reflexive thematic analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Barriers captured difficulty in navigating the healthcare system, financial precarity, language and accent differences, prior experiences of racism and their impact on care access, and lack of authentic consideration from health professionals. Facilitators to self-management included building resilience and the synergistic partnership of cultural and western self-care strategies. CONCLUSION: Eradicating barriers to self-care for multimorbidity of culturally and linguistically diverse immigrants is essential to address disparities in self-care. Health professionals should work in partnership with culturally and linguistically diverse immigrants to develop more person-centred self-management support services and interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: The findings are beneficial for addressing structural and cultural issues affecting self-management of culturally and linguistically diverse immigrants and designing targeted interventions to manage multimorbidity safely and effectively in this population. IMPACT: Multimorbidity (i.e., two or more chronic conditions) disproportionately affects racialised individuals compared to the White population. Self-management is critical to improving the well-being and quality of life of individuals with multimorbidity. Little is known about the barriers and facilitators for CALD immigrants, mainly Black individuals and people of colour. Health professionals and organisations can use these findings for supporting these individuals' self-management at in the community and reducing the burden on the health care system. REPORTING METHOD: We used COREQ checklist for reporting. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".