Presence of Neuropathic-Like Symptoms in Individuals With Painful Tendinopathy/Overuse Injuries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence of neuropathic-like symptoms in individuals with painful tendinopathies/overuse injuries. METHODS: Electronic literature searches on MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were conducted up to January 20th, 2025. Studies reporting the prevalence of neuropathic-like symptoms in painful tendinopathy/overuse injury were included. The methodological quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale in cohort/case-control studies or the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) in clinical trials. Random-effects models were used for meta-analytical pooled prevalence of neuropathic-like symptoms. RESULTS: From 1285 studies identified, 8 (1 case-control, 5 cohorts, and 2 clinical trials) met inclusion criteria. The sample included 920 participants with painful tendinopathy/overuse injury (47.6% female, age: 51, SD: 12.5 y). All studies included self-reported questionnaires for evaluating neuropathic-like symptomatology. The methodological quality was moderate-high. The overall prevalence of neuropathic-like symptoms in painful tendinopathies was 30% (95% CI: 22%-38%, n=8, I2 =79%). The prevalence by each tendinopathy was: plantar heel pain (44%, 95% CI: 17%-75%, n=2, I2 =96%), lateral epicondylalgia (42%, 95% CI: 30%-56%, n=2, I2 =30%), insertional Achilles tendinopathy (38%, 95% CI: 20%-60%, n=2, I2 = 71%), greater trochanteric pain syndrome (32%, 95% CI: 26%-39%, n=2, I2 =0%), patellar-quadricipital tendinopathy (16%, 95% CI: 5%-41%, n=3, I2 =29%), noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy (11%, 95% CI: 2%-41%, n=5, I2 =86%). CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis suggests the presence of neuropathic-like symptoms in 30% of participants with painful tendinopathy, although this prevalence rate depends on specific condition. Identification of neuropathic symptoms in musculoskeletal pain conditions is important for diagnosis as it impacts its management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".