Effect of inhaled salbutamol on whole-blood potassium concentrations in healthy cats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the effect of inhaled salbutamol on blood potassium concentrations in normokalemic cats, evaluate whether effects are dose dependent and assess whether it affects heart rate and blood glucose concentrations. Methods The study was a prospective, open-label, two-way crossover trial. A total of 11 healthy cats were randomly assigned to two groups: one received a low dose of 100 µg salbutamol (Low group) and the other a high dose of 200 µg (High group). After a washout period of 15–21 days, the Low group received the high dose and the High group received the low dose. Blood potassium and glucose concentrations and heart rates were measured at baseline and 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mins after salbutamol administration. Results Potassium concentrations significantly decreased over time after the administration of salbutamol in both groups ( P <0.001). Salbutamol dose (µg/kg) and dose–time interaction had no significant effect on potassium concentration ( P = 0.082 and P = 0.54, respectively). In the High group, mean potassium concentrations were significantly lower at 30–150 mins after salbutamol administration compared with baseline ( P <0.011), and the mean decrease in potassium concentration from baseline to nadir was −0.69 ± 0.17 mmol/l. In the Low group, mean potassium concentrations were lower at 20–90 mins after salbutamol administration; however, these differences were not statistically significant ( P >0.05). The administration of salbutamol did not appear to affect heart rate and blood glucose. Conclusions and relevance In healthy cats, salbutamol administration led to a small and variable, non-dose-dependent decrease in potassium levels, suggesting that individual susceptibilities may affect the response to the potassium-lowering effects of salbutamol. The doses used in this study seemed safe. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage of salbutamol and its effect on hyperkalemic cats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".