Muscle Dysmorphia and Emotion Regulation: Findings From the Study of Boys and Men
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the association between muscle dysmorphia and emotion regulation difficulties among a sample of boys and men in Canada and the United States ( N = 1553). Multiple adjusted linear regression analyses were used to determine whether boys and men with probable muscle dysmorphia had higher scores on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation 18-Item (DERS-18) measure. Participants with probable muscle dysmorphia, compared to those without, had significantly higher total DERS-18 scores and scores on the goals, impulse, and nonacceptance subscales. These findings add to a small literature on emotion regulation abilities among individuals with muscle dysmorphia and build on the extensive literature documenting the association between emotion regulation difficulties and psychopathology. Clinicians can consider assessing emotion regulation among boys and men displaying muscle dysmorphia symptomatology. Targeting emotion regulation abilities in treatment may be effective at addressing the significant symptoms of muscle dysmorphia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".