A multi-scale model for interlayer fracture behavior of FDM-printed short fiber reinforced polymers
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is well-known that the interlayer fracture property plays a significant role in the structural integrity of composite parts, especially fused deposition modeling (FDM) printed ones. However, there is still uncertainty in evaluating fracture mechanics due to the lack of commonly accepted standards suitable for the highly anisotropic and inhomogeneous material properties. In this context, a multiscale prediction model for the fracture toughness and crack propagation of FDM-printed short fiber reinforced polymers (FDM-SFRPs) is presented. Firstly, effective elastic properties of FDM-SFRPs are estimated based on the microstructure characterization and a two-step homogenization scheme. Secondly, a three-dimensional (3D) numerical model with anisotropic material properties is developed, by which the fracture toughness can be calculated using J-integral. Lastly, by incorporating the predicted fracture toughness into the cohesive zone model, the interlayer crack propagation is predicted. Experiments following available standards have been carried out. It was found that the proposed model efficiently calibrated the experimental results and yielded more accurate estimations than the two-dimensional (2D) model. Additionally, based on the proposed model, the effects of fibers’ content, morphology on the fracture behaviors have been discussed, providing valuable insights that can guide the future material design.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it