Genetically engineered bacteria and microalgae expressing a mutant of cytochrome P450 BM3 for efficient Diuron degradation in wastewater treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The diverse members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily conduct the metabolism of a wide variety of compounds, both endogenous and xenobiotic, thus offering potential for degrading emerging contaminants such as prescription drugs and pesticides in wastewater treatment and aquaculture. This study demonstrates the expression and activity of the mutant P450 enzyme of CYP102A1 (BM3 MT35) engineered in Bacillus megaterium and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , harnessed for the degradation of the herbicide Diuron. The P450 BM3 MT35 enzyme was transgenically expressed in Escherichia coli and purified via a His6-tag system, with its activity confirmed by spectral and in vitro metabolism assays. During in vivo experiments, transgenic Bacillus megaterium degraded 23% of Diuron after 24 h, reaching 65% by day 5 in Terrific Broth (TB) media. In synthetic and municipal wastewater, Diuron degradation reached 45% and 15%, respectively. No Diuron metabolism occurred in wild-type (WT) Bacillus megaterium in all the above tested conditions. Additionally, transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii expressing P450 BM3 MT35 in the chloroplast also exhibited enhanced Diuron degradation (52%) compared to WT strains (6%). Overall, our results demonstrate the potential of genetically engineered bacteria and microalgae with cytochrome P450 as a viable strategy for the enhanced treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater, potentially offering a new, sustainable alternative approach to pollution mitigation. IMPORTANCE With a growing number and variety of prescription drugs, pesticides, food additives, and chemicals produced, wastewater is being contaminated with an increasing number of emerging pollutants that cannot be eliminated through classical wastewater treatment. New methods should therefore be developed to remove or deactivate these contaminants. Here, we demonstrate that by using genetically engineered bacteria and microalgae expressing a mutated enzyme, it is possible to efficiently metabolize a targeted pesticide, in this case, Diuron. These new findings should open the door to new ways to treat wastewater by developing low-cost and efficient modified microorganisms that will be able to specifically detoxify past and new emerging water contaminants that cannot be eliminated through classical wastewater treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".