Spatiotemporally dependent relationship between salmon lice from salmon farms and infestation on juvenile Pacific salmon in British Columbia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation pressure from Atlantic salmon farms and the prevalence of L. salmonis on wild juvenile Pacific salmon in British Columbia, Canada. We estimated weekly copepodids released from salmon farms and analysed infestation data from wild juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and pink salmon O. gorbuscha across 4 regions from 2016 to 2023. A mixed-effects regression model revealed a significant positive relationship between farm-derived infestation pressure and L. salmonis prevalence on wild salmon at the sampling event level, with notable spatial and temporal variations. Chum salmon exhibited higher infestation rates than pink salmon, and fish length was positively correlated with infestation likelihood at the individual level. Our findings highlight the importance of accounting for fish length, environmental variables, and larval dispersal patterns to refine infestation pressure estimates. The complexities and uncertainties in quantifying infestation pressure underscore the need for further research. Future studies should validate underlying assumptions and incorporate additional variables and methodologies to improve assessments of infestation pressure on wild salmon populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".