Characterization of spatial distribution of immune cells in the microenvironment of lung cancer and its computational modeling study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in humans and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.In this study, we focused on the immune cells in the microenvironment of lung cancer at the protein expression level by IHC as well as mIHC techniques to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of immune cells within the tumor.To predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients and their potential response to immunotherapy, a machine learning-based immune-related prognostic model for lung cancer was constructed by combining Cox regression analysis, random survival forest and XGBoost algorithm, and the effect of the prognostic model was verified on the relevant dataset.The results showed that there were some differences in the immune cells between lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous carcinoma in the lung cancer microenvironment, and the spatial distribution heterogeneity of CD3+ T cells and MHC class II antigen-presenting cells was higher in lung adenocarcinoma (P<0.05).The overall survival of high-risk patients was lower than that of the low-risk group in both LUAD and LUSC (P<0.01), and the immuno-associated prognostic model of lung cancer had a stable performance in the AUC value in multiple independent cohorts with stable performance, and the IRS model maintained high accuracy and stable performance in the training set and test set, which indicates that IRS has great potential for clinical application.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".