Hybrid Modulation for an SHB-FB Converter Employed in an Integrated Onboard Charger and Auxiliary Power Module
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a highly integrated EV charger that offers multiple charging modes, including a three-phase input 11kW on-board charger (OBC), an 11kW vehicle-toload (V2L) and a 2.6kW auxiliary power module (APM). The proposed multilevel, three-port topology simultaneously achieves magnetic and circuit integration while accommodating a three-phase (3P) 400-V AC input and a 700V DC bus using 650V GaN HEMTs. A mathematical model of the zero voltage switching (ZVS) boundary of the stacked half-bridge-full-bridge (SHB-FB) converter in the proposed integrated charger is built. Based on this, one hybrid modulation (HM) method is further proposed to improve the full-range efficiency of the SHB-FB converter in the OBC and V2L modes. A prototype is built to validate the proposed integration method and the HM method. Experimental results validate the OBC, V2L and APM modes of the proposed integrated charger and the effectiveness of the HM in improving the medium- and light-load efficiency by achieving full-range ZVS or quasi-ZVS (QZVS).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".