Experiences of social support and the role of engagement in a digital educational support group for adolescent mothers’ health in the Dominican Republic
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2021, nearly 66 of every 1,000 adolescent girls ages 15-19 in the Dominican Republic gave birth. Adolescent mothers face health disparities including increased risk for rapid repeat pregnancy and lower breastfeeding rates. Mobile health (mHealth) is a growing approach for reaching adolescents. FAMA (Fortaleciendo la Autodeterminación de Madres Adolescentes) was a 12-week moderated digital education support group with adolescent mothers in the Dominican Republic, associated with improvements in health knowledge and contraceptive uptake. This study explores the FAMA intervention's mechanism of action through a mixed-methods secondary data analysis using WhatsApp messages and post-intervention interviews to characterize experiences of social support and patterns of intervention engagement. We assessed associations between multiple measures of engagement and intervention outcomes. Linear or Poisson regression was used to evaluate association with health knowledge, and social support. or contraceptive uptake, respectively, selected based on type and distribution of each outcome variable. Models adjusted for key confounders. Findings indicate FAMA was largely used to exchange companionship and informational support. We found a significant positive association between engagement as measured by acknowledging intervention messages and improved health knowledge (adjusted coefficient: 2.84, CI: 0.83-4.84, p= 0.01). In contrast, we found a negative association between engagement as measured by social support exchange and improved health knowledge (adjusted coefficient: -5.78, CI: -10.42- -1.00, p= 0.02), suggesting that interactions focused on support may not reinforce informational content as directly as other forms of engagement. Our findings suggest that engagement with FAMA was associated with increases in knowledge and a close reading of message content is most beneficial for knowledge gain. This analysis enhances understanding of user engagement with group mHealth interventions and contributes new approaches to measure engagement, accounting for different engagement styles participants may have. Future digital interventions may leverage our findings to design interventions that encourage beneficial engagement types.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it