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Record W4409661676 · doi:10.15353/cjo.v87i1.5714

Ocular Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection: A Case Report

2025· article· en· W4409661676 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Bhagya Segu, Yun-Ting Huang, Justin Alexander, Theresa G. Leung, Katharine Breaux

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian journal of optometry/CJO. Canadian journal of optometry · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSyphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSyphilisVirologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)MedicineImmunology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Ocular syphilis is a rare complication of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse and often subtle clinical manifestations. We report a patient with no known history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) who presented with sudden onset reduced vision and mutton fat keratic precipitates (KPs). Serological testing subsequently confirmed the diagnosis of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. This case highlights the insidious nature of ocular syphilis and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation and prompt treatment.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.118
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.001
Bibliometrics0.0100.003
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.017
GPT teacher head0.353
Teacher spread0.336 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueCanadian journal of optometry/CJO. Canadian journal of optometrySame topicSyphilis Diagnosis and TreatmentFrench-language works237,207