Bifunctional Electrolyte Additive in Room-Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Room-temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries have been restricted by difficulties on both electrodes: the utilization of active sulfur still falls short of expectations, and the Na anode suffers from dendrite formation and poor interface stability. Although sulfide solid electrolytes can address these issues, undesirable side reactions pose difficulties in solid–solid interfacial contact. Inspired by this, a sulfide (P 2 S 5 /Na 2 S)-containing electrolyte was employed. Utilizing liquid–solid reactions not only increases battery capacity by forming a tightly connected active material with the Cu current collector but also generates a uniform passivation layer on the Na anode, stabilizing the electrode interface. This dual-functional mechanism leads to unprecedented performance, retaining a capacity of 856 mAh g –1 after 900 cycles at 1C, with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6%. The work introduces a subtle strategy, provides insights into the mechanism of the P 2 S 5 /Na 2 S additive, and demonstrates the feasibility of this approach for improving the performance of RT Na–S batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".