A Zirconium-Based Metal–Organic Framework as an Effective Green Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CAU-28 (CAU = Christian-Albrechts-University) is a zirconium-based metal–organic framework (MOF) that features a bio-renewable linker (furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid) and can be obtained through a green synthesis. In this work, we report an optimized synthesis of CAU-28, substantially enhancing the yield from 2 to 53 %. Moreover, taking advantage of the high thermal and chemical stability of CAU-28 as well as the MOF’s surface area (> 1000 m 2 g –1 ), porosity, and four open metal sites per Zr 6 -cluster, we have demonstrated the high potential of CAU-28 as a green catalyst to produce biodiesel through esterification reactions. Under optimized catalytic conditions, CAU-28 is able to convert oleic acid to its fatty acid methyl ester counterpart with high selectivity, using a catalyst loading of only 5 wt % and 1:24 molar ratio of oleic acid:methanol, at 90 °C for 90 min. Furthermore, the catalyst also shows high stability, maintaining its activity for three reaction cycles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".