Reprogrammable curved-straight origami: Multimorphability and volumetric tunability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Existing origami patterns can transform flat sheets into curved surfaces or be stacked into volumetric lattices with tunable properties. Their folded surfaces, however, cannot morph into other rigid states, and their three-dimensional (3D) tessellations allow stiffness tuning only through large size variations, causing abrupt shifts in stiffness and affecting other properties such as relative density. These limitations hinder their use as reprogrammable structural materials in real-life applications. Here, we introduce a reprogrammable origami integrating curved and straight bistable creases to address both challenges: attaining rigidity while allowing reversible remorphability into numerous load-bearing shapes and generating 3D curved-plate lattices, delivering in a prescribed configuration of fixed dimensions continuously tunable elastic moduli spanning two orders of magnitude. Leveraging curved origami theories, differential geometry, paperboard models, and experiments, we construct the folded pattern, formulate its geometric mechanics, and quantify its mechanical performance. Our approach provides a versatile platform for multifunctional metamaterials, enabling adaptive and resilient materials in aerospace, biomechanics, and soft robotics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".