Protective effects of central leptin on whole-body energy homeostasis upon acute olanzapine exposure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Second-generation antipsychotic use is associated with severe metabolic side effects such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Leptin is a hormone that is secreted by adipose tissue, and it acts on the brain to decrease body weight by reducing food intake and stimulating energy expenditure. Leptin also improves glucose and lipid metabolism. We examined the short-term impact of olanzapine, a commonly used second-generation antipsychotic, on the central leptin-mediated regulation of energy balance, lipid metabolism, and hypothalamic kinase activity. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given an acute intracerebroventricular (ICV, 3 rd ventricle) injection of either leptin or vehicle, combined with subcutaneous olanzapine or vehicle. As expected, ICV leptin decreased food intake and importantly, olanzapine did not block this effect. Administration of leptin, olanzapine, or their combination reduced the average respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during the light cycle, which indicates that fat oxidation was increased. In the dark cycle, leptin decreased the average RER regardless of olanzapine administration, and in the presence of leptin, olanzapine did not affect the average RER. Leptin did not alter the olanzapine-induced increase in serum triglyceride concentrations. Olanzapine and central leptin treatment differentially activated hypothalamic kinases. In conclusion, regulation of food intake and fuel preference by central leptin is intact following acute olanzapine administration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".