Relationship Between Frailty and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Hospitalized Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate the impact of frailty on clinical outcomes and disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in older adults using data from the CIRN SOS Network (Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network; Canadian Immunization Research Network). Methods This cohort study used data from the CIRN SOS Network collected during the 2012–2013, 2013–2014, and 2014–2015 influenza seasons. Patients aged ≥50 years who were hospitalized for acute respiratory illness were tested for RSV by multiplex reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The analysis focused on frailty to assess its association with RSV disease severity and clinical outcomes. Frailty was categorized as nonfrail, prefrail, and frail according to validated cutoffs based on baseline frailty index. Results Among 365 older adults hospitalized for RSV-related acute respiratory infections, most were classified as frail (61.1%), with fewer classified as prefrail (28.5%) or nonfrail (10.4%). Frailty was significantly associated with severe RSV outcomes, such as prolonged hospitalization and increased oxygen therapy requirements. Specifically, frail patients experienced longer hospitalizations and higher intensive care unit admission rates, with an odds ratio of 3.48 (95% CI, 1.30–9.12) for the association between frailty and severe disease. While RSV types A and B showed no significant differences in clinical outcomes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease emerged as factors associated with disease severity, alongside frailty. Conclusions Frailty is an important predictor of RSV severity in older adults and is associated with longer hospital stays and increased health care needs. This highlights the need to consider frailty in RSV vaccine and therapeutic trials and suggests the potential benefits of interventions and public health and programmatic messaging tailored to older adults living with frailty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".