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Record W4409787835 · doi:10.61091/jcmcc127a-473

The Rise of Online Litigation Based on Time Proof Consensus Algorithms Challenges the Traditional Trial Model in the Framework of the Code of Civil Procedure

2025· article· en· W4409787835 on OpenAlexvenueno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicDispute Resolution and Class Actions
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCode (set theory)Computer scienceCivil procedureAlgorithmProof of conceptModel checkingConsensus algorithmProgramming languageLawPolitical science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The integration of modern information technology and civil litigation promotes the electronic civil litigation, online litigation as a kind of litigation behavior, promoting the development of traditional trial mode.This paper starts from analyzing the relationship and conflict between civil e-litigation and traditional civil litigation, and organizes the relationship between online trial mode and traditional court trial, and the relationship between civil online trial mode and traditional trial mode respectively.Based on the influencing factors of civil trial, the time proof consensus algorithm and data security transmission algorithm are respectively proposed to combine the network nature of online litigation and blockchain storage data information to optimize the online litigation electronic evidence storage.Summarizing the litigation efficiency of online trial and traditional trial under different control variables, from the point of view of the complexity of the case, the litigation efficiency of online trial mode for more complex cases is significantly higher than that of traditional trial mode.For noncomplex cases, the efficiency increases but the difference is not significant.The online litigation mode is a part of the civil online trial mode and serves the traditional civil trial mode.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.355
Threshold uncertainty score0.359

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.028
GPT teacher head0.263
Teacher spread0.235 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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