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Record W4409799804 · doi:10.11159/icgre25.153

A Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Approaches for Rainfall Forecasting in Taiwan

2025· article· en· W4409799804 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueProceedings of the World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicHydrological Forecasting Using AI
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer scienceArtificial intelligenceDeep learningTechnology forecastingMachine learning

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Forecasting rainfall is critical for agriculture, urban planning, and disaster management.This study evaluated the performance of three models: LSTM, CNN+LSTM, and BiLSTM, for forecasting rainfall in Hualien City, situated on Taiwan's eastern coast.The dataset utilized was sourced from the Department of Atmospheric Sciences at Chinese Culture University, covering the period from 1998 to 2018.This comprehensive dataset includes measurements such as datetime, temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction, and wind speed, providing a robust foundation for predictive modelling.The study's findings demonstrated that the BiLSTM model significantly outperformed the other models, with an MSE of 6.21, an MAE of 0.56, and an RMSE of 2.49.These findings underscore the BiLSTM's superior ability to identify temporal dependencies and handle the complexities of atmospheric data compared to the simpler LSTM and hybrid CNN+LSTM models.This study improves our understanding of deep learning applications in meteorological forecasting and demonstrates the efficacy of the BiLSTM model in managing the intricacies of time-series data processing.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.032
Threshold uncertainty score0.622

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.220
Teacher spread0.202 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it