The potential spatiotemporal distribution patterns of Avena nuda and Avena sativa from global perspective provide new insights for the cultivation of commonly cultivated oats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Commonly cultivated oats (Avena nuda and Avena sativa) play an important role in agricultural planting structure adjustment, ecological environment protection and grassland animal husbandry development, and their effective cultivation is conducive to food security and grassland degradation restoration. This study comprehensively collected the geographic distribution and environmental data of A. nuda and A. sativa from global regions, the ensembled niche and Marxan model were used to predict the potential spatiotemporal distribution and planting pattern of commonly cultivated oats, and further explore the environmental factors that affected the spatial distribution and genetic diversity pattern. RESULTS: The results showed that: (1) The potential suitability regions of A. nuda and A. sativa were concentrated in the plateau (spanning 25°~45°N, 90°~125°E; and 40°~60°N, 10°W ~ 35°E) and plain (spanning 35°~65°N, 10°W ~ 55°E; and 30°~50°N, 65°W ~ 100°E), respectively. (2) Over time, the suitability regions of A. nuda and A. sativa showed an expanding trend. (3) The potential planting regions of A. nuda were widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Mongolia Plateau, West Siberian Plain, Iran Plateau, Bavaria Plateau and Yukon Plateau; that of A. sativa were concentrated in Central Great Plains of North America, Mississippi River Plain, Midland Plain, Bode Plain, Western Europe Plain, Eastern Europe Plain, West Siberia Plain, Central Australia Plain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. (4) The spatial distribution pattern of commonly cultivated oats in the current period was responsive to temperature and habitat conditions. In addition, the genetic distance of A. nuda was responsive to mean diurnal air temperature range (bio02), temperature seasonality (bio04), precipitation amount of the driest month (bio14), precipitation seasonality (bio15), and mean monthly precipitation amount of the coldest quarter (bio19), while the genetic distance of A. sativa was only affected by mean annual air temperature (bio01). CONCLUSIONS: This study aims to explore the potential spatiotemporal and planting patterns of commonly cultivated oats in global regions, to clarify their potential distribution and planting regions, and provide an effective theoretical basis for the collection, preservation and utilization of global commonly cultivated oat population resources. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".