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Record W4409890961 · doi:10.1080/08865655.2025.2488508

Turkey-Iran Border and Irregular Migration from a Geographical Perspective

2025· article· en· W4409890961 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Orhan Deniz, Semih Nargül

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Borderlands Studies · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicBelt and Road Initiative
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPerspective (graphical)Economic geographyGeographyIrregular migrationRegional scienceGeometryMathematics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The Turkey-Iran border, which is approximately 560 kilometers long and Turkey's second longest border after the Syrian border, has been at the forefront of irregular migration for many years. A mass of migrants, enters Turkey from here every year. This border is regarded as the most significant used by irregular migrants, mainly from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran to enter Turkey and then reach Europe through migrant smugglers. Considering the characteristics of the border, the topographical structure, climate conditions, historical ties between the populations living on both sides of the border, socio-cultural interactions, and economic conditions are important dynamics that ensure the continuity of irregular migration. In this study, the political formation process, the role of geographical factors, and the socio-cultural structure of the border will be discussed. Then, the impact of the geographical structure of the border line on irregular migration will be examined. In addition, the profiles of migrants entering Turkey, the magnitude of the migration, and the actors of irregular migration, particularly smugglers, will be thoroughly investigated.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.158
Threshold uncertainty score0.424

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.290
Teacher spread0.261 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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