Tumor microenvironment and immune-related myositis: addressing muscle wasting in cancer immunotherapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages the immune system to target neoplastic cells, has undergone significant transformation in recent. However, immunotherapy may have negative effects on skeletal muscle function, causing muscle wasting and functional decline in cancer patients. In this study, we review the mechanisms by which immunotherapy influences skeletal muscle, focusing on immune-related myositis, inflammation, and metabolic alterations within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The key methodologies, including biomechanical assessment techniques such as electrical impedance myography and ultrasound imaging, are discussed to provide valuable insights into process that maintain muscle integrity and function in patients receiving immunotherapy. Moreover, the dual effects of immunotherapy on tumor suppression and muscle damage are described, revealing the significance of inflammatory cytokines, immune checkpoints, and metabolic disturbances within the TME. Importantly, we propose combination therapies integrating immunotherapy and nutritional interventions or anti-inflammatory interventions as potential approaches for mitigating muscle wasting. This study highlights the need for deeper investigations to optimize immunotherapy and improve its efficacy in preserving muscle health, thereby improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".