Noise-Aware Ensemble Learning for Efficient Radar Modulation Recognition
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electronic warfare support (ES) systems intercept adversary radar signals and estimate various types of signal information, including modulation schemes. The accurate and rapid identification of modulation schemes under conditions of very low signal power remains a significant challenge for ES systems. This paper proposes a recognition model based on a noise-aware ensemble learning (NAEL) framework to efficiently recognize radar modulation schemes in noisy environments. The NAEL framework evaluates the influence of noise on recognition and adaptively selects an appropriate neural network structure, offering significant advantages in terms of computational efficiency and recognition performance. We present the analysis results of the recognition performance of the proposed model based on experimental data. Our recognition model demonstrates superior recognition accuracy with low computational complexity compared to conventional classification models.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it