Exploring Interindividual Variability in Resilience to Stress: Social Support, Coping Styles, and Diurnal Cortisol in Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The psychobiological response to stress is known to be a key factor affecting health at any age, but especially in older adults. It involves the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a hormonal circuit whose product is the activation of cortisol. We sought to explore the relationships leading to resilience to stress, as exemplified by the model of aging, stress, and resilience, in a sample of older adults at risk for mental health problems. Specifically, we examined the concurrent effects of individual age-related determinants, social support, and coping style on the cortisol awakening response (CAR), the cortisol area under the curve (AUC) with respect to ground, and the rate of change of cortisol from the awakening peak to bedtime. Our results showed an association between life impairment and health problems on the three indicators of HPA disturbance. An higher AUC was also observed in older age and in individuals reporting more major life events. Less use of avoidance coping was also associated with greater levels of CAR and AUC. Although significant, the measured determinant explained only a small part of the total interindividual variability in our three cortisol indices. Other factors, such as same-day stressors especially in older populations at risk for psychological distress, should be considered in future studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".