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Record W4410193642 · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v26i2.8074

Distributing Knowledge Creation to Include Underrepresented Populations

2025· article· en· W4410193642 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Richard F Heller, Stephen Leeder

Bibliographic record

VenueThe International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicKnowledge Management and Sharing
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsKnowledge managementComputer scienceKnowledge creationElectronic learningEducational technologyData scienceBusinessSociologyPedagogyMarketing

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper documents biases in the creation of knowledge through underrepresentation of diverse populations and population groups in the way research is conducted and published, and subsequently, in the way educational resources are developed and delivered. Research that incorporates the experience of distributed population groups will have greater local applicability, and knowledge published and disseminated in ways that make it available to distributed populations will increase likelihood that the research findings will be incorporated into policy and action across the population. The incorporation of knowledge gained from distributed population groups into the educational experience will enrich it and, like the knowledge, make it more relevant to the whole population. We explore the potential for distributing knowledge creation to contribute in these ways and what changes are required in the way that higher education is organised to maximise distributed knowledge creation, including collaborative co-creation of knowledge and a collaborative capacity-building programme to ensure its sustainability. We propose that the principles described for a distributed university, where education is disseminated largely online through regional hubs to correct local and global inequalities in access, would be suitable to support the development of structures for distributing knowledge creation. Appropriate governance structures should be developed, of which co-creation of knowledge would be an essential component.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.007
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.008
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.963
Threshold uncertainty score0.971

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0070.008
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.207
GPT teacher head0.568
Teacher spread0.362 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations4
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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