An Analytical Method for Estimating Hydraulic Parameters of a Nonlinear Consolidated Aquitard Considering Secondary Consolidation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The estimation of groundwater released from aquitards is important for the groundwater resources assessment and disaster prevention. In this study, a mathematical model for water release from a nonlinear consolidated aquitard was established considering that the change of the void ratio is caused by effective stress and creep effect, and the corresponding analytical solutions for water release were derived while the water level in adjacent aquifers decreases. The analysis results utilizing the analytical solution show that, with the development of consolidation, the contribution of secondary consolidation to total consolidation continuously increases and dominates during the latter stage of consolidation, where the increase in thickness of aquitards and the decrease in consolidation coefficient postponed this stage. Based on this property, a quantitative method to calculate the completion time of primary consolidation and a new multi‐parameter inversion method for calculating hydraulic parameters and coefficient of secondary consolidation were proposed. The consolidation test of aquitard under drawdown condition was conducted to prove the practicality and accuracy of the analytical solutions and parameter inversion methods. Compared with the traditional linear consolidation theory, the estimated water release from aquitards using the proposed non‐linear analytical solution is in better agreement with experimental results. The estimated water release from aquitards without considering secondary consolidation apparently underestimated, especially during the latter stage of consolidation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".