AN ANIMAL MODEL OF EXPECTANCY-BASED CLITORODYNIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objectives Female rats like clitoral stimulation (CLS) delivered with a soft bristle paint brush (S-CLS). This induces conditioned place and partner preference (CPaP) and 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), both indicative of reward (pleasure). However, when CLS is delivered with a prickly hard-bristle paint brush (H-CLS), females emit 22-kHz USVs, indicating aversion. The present study tested whether H-CLS could be utilized to induce a conditioned partner aversion (CPaA) and examined brain activation by both S- and H-CLS and a conditioned odor associated with either state. Methods Ovariectomized Long-Evans female rats received full hormone priming with EB and P prior to 12 training trials of either S-CLS (N = 24) or H-CLS (N = 24) conducted at 4-day intervals. Sham CLS consisted of raising the tail without clitoral stimulation. A gauze pad doused with almond extract or water was placed into the holding chamber prior to paired or sham CLS. Partner preference was tested in an open field with two males, one scented and one unscented. After two reconditioning trials, females from each group received either S-CLS, H-CLS, or sham-CLS, or were exposed to a gauze pad soaked in either almond extract or water for 1 hr prior to perfusion with saline and 4% paraformaldehyde, brain extraction and preparation for immunohistochemistry to visualize Fos protein. Results A conditioned preference to receive ejaculations selectively from the Sc male was found for females assigned to S-CLS (+). Females assigned to H-CLS (+) showed partner aversion to the Sc male. Brain regions for reward were activated by S-CLS. Brain regions for aversion and pain were activated by H-CLS, and this was mimicked by the odor. Conclusions These data show that S-CLS induces a reward state that supports reward expectancy and thus conditions a sexual partner preference for males bearing an odor previously paired with S-CLS. In contrast, H-CLS induces an aversive state that supports an expectancy of pain leading to an avoidance of sexual interaction with partners bearing an odor previously associated with H-CLS. The behavioral and neural processing of H-CLS represents a new animal model of expectancy-based clitorodynia. Conflicts of Interest None.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".