Poverty Reduction Politics and Food Insecurity: Better for High-Risk Groups?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canada's higher-level governments have, at least rhetorically, prioritized poverty reduction since the early 2000s. This article investigates whether this political prioritization has reduced food insecurity among high-risk households, namely couples with children, single persons, single parents, and households relying largely on government transfers. Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (2005–2018), we study the association between household composition and the household's main source of income with respect to (severe) food insecurity, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and local circumstances. Despite apparent income poverty gains among some high-risk groups documented elsewhere, we find that the disadvantages of food insecurity among high-risk households did not change in Canada or in its four largest provinces. Furthermore, Quebec stands out as a jurisdiction in which, compared with couples without children, couples with children face negligible disadvantages, and single-parent families have the lowest disadvantage. Quebec singles, however, face a disadvantage that is comparable with that of other provinces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".