The mediating role of anxiety between child abuse and pain among a sample of Lebanese adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience in response to a noxious stimulus. Nowadays, it is increasingly prevalent among adults and may be influenced by past experiences such as child abuse, trauma or psychiatric conditions like anxiety. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the mediating effect of anxiety between child abuse and pain among a sample of Lebanese adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and April 2024. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling method from various Lebanese governorates, and completed a self-administered online questionnaire via Google Forms. All adults over the age of 18 were eligible to participate. The questionnaire included sociodemographic questions, the short form of McGill pain questionnaire, the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the child abuse self report scale (CASRS-12). A total of 507 Lebanese adults completed the questionnaire. The mean age was 26.80 ± 10.29 years and 73.2% were female. The results showed that anxiety partially mediated the association between child abuse and pain. Higher levels of child abuse were significantly associated with greater anxiety, which in turn was significantly associated with increased pain. Child abuse was directly associated with higher pain levels. The study highlights the relationship that child abuse has on pain in adults and its relationship with anxiety. Future research delving into the relationship between child abuse and chronic pain in adulthood is essential to better understand the underlying pathways and support effective prevention and intervention strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".