Assessment of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers by modified CCME-WQI Indicators: Decadal dynamics in North Jiaozhou Bay, China
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seawater intrusion (SWI) poses a growing threat to groundwater sustainability in the northern coastal region of Jiaozhou Bay (NCRJB), China. Quantifying SWI impacts is critical for developing targeted groundwater management strategies. This study proposes an enhanced version of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI), which integrates eight hydrogeochemical indicators to evaluate SWI dynamics in both porous and fractured aquifers in NCRJB. Statistical analysis of 131 groundwater samples collected during 2010–2011 and 2020 demonstrated pronounced salinization in porous aquifers, with 90.11% of samples classified as exhibiting severe SWI impacts. Fractured aquifers exhibited increasing intrusion severity, with the proportion of samples indicating significant intrusion rising to 35.29% by 2020. The modified CCME-WQI outperformed conventional single-indicator assessment methods based on chloride concentrations by detecting nuanced ion-exchange mechanisms and freshening processes in aquifer systems. SWI in NCRJB is driven by the interplay of natural climatic variability and anthropogenic activities. Our results demonstrate the framework’s enhanced sensitivity to heterogeneous aquifers and its potential as a transferable tool for SWI assessment in coastal regions worldwide. This research highlights the urgency of implementing adaptive coastal groundwater management strategies while providing a scientifically robust methodology for global SWI monitoring and mitigation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it