The effect of an audio-recorded intervention program on the knowledge and self-reported practices of menstruation and hygiene among visually impaired young girls in Rwanda: a mixed method study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Menstrual hygiene practices among visually impaired young girls are a significant public health concern in Rwanda. Limited knowledge about menstruation leads to inadequate hygiene practices, increasing the risk of cervical cancer, urinary tract infections, and reduced quality of life. The menstrual hygiene needs of visually impaired girls who depend on daily assistance for personal hygiene have not been adequately addressed in previous studies. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of an audio-recorded program on the knowledge and self-reported practices of menstruation hygiene among visually impaired young girls in Rwanda. METHODOLOGY: A pre-post mixed intervention study was conducted involving 93 visually impaired young girls from four specialized educational institutions. After obtaining consent and assent, baseline data were collected following an audio-recorded intervention. A pretested tool was used to measure participants' knowledge and practices about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Post-interventional data was collected, and paired t-tests were used to analyze changes in knowledge and practice scores. Qualitatively, focus group discussions were used to evaluate the perceived effect of the audio-recorded program. Qualitative data were organized by Dodoose software and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The majority of participants (67.7%) were enrolled in secondary education level and lived in rural areas (76.3%), with the largest proportion (43%) being between the ages of 16 and 20 years. There was a significant increase in the knowledge of young visually impaired girls (p < 0.001) after the audio-recorded intervention program. There was a significant increase in the overall menstrual hygiene practice after the implementation of the audio-recorded program (p < 0.001). Qualitatively, four themes emerged from the study, including improved knowledge and abilities, boosted confidence, the convenience of audio, and the perceived need to increase audio effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The study revealed a significant association between the audio-recorded interventions and improved menstrual hygiene knowledge and practices among visually impaired young girls. However, since the study utilized a pretest-posttest design, a randomized controlled trial is recommended for robust evidence.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".