Are the Recommended Levels of Moderate-to-Vigorous Aerobic Activity and Resistance Training Inversely Associated with Frailty and Mortality?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of meeting the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and resistance training (RT) components of the physical activity guidelines with frailty and mortality and to determine if these associations vary by age and sex. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Secondary analysis of 17,716 community-dwelling individuals [46 ± 19 years (range: 20-85 years), 52.2% female] from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (cycles 1999-2006) who had available Frailty Index, mortality, and self-reported physical activity data. METHODS: Self-reported MVPA (≥150 minutes/wk) and RT (≥2 days/wk) levels were used to divide participants into Combined (both met), MVPA Only, RT Only, or Inactive (neither met) groups. Frailty was measured with a 46-item Frailty Index (FI), and all-cause mortality was obtained using National Death Index data. Group differences were explored using analyses of variance. Associations between MVPA and/or RT with (1) frailty and (2) mortality used covariate-adjusted multiple linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 1878 (10.6%) people were included in the Combined group, 3741 (21.1%) in the MVPA Only group, 1257 (7.1%) in the RT Only group, and 10,840 (61.2%) in the Inactive group. Older females needed to engage in MVPA to experience a beneficial effect on frailty, whereas males benefited from engaging in either or both types of activity regardless of age. Females at the lowest frailty level [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.93] and frail males (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.88) in the Combined group had a lower risk of mortality compared to the Inactive group. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: There is a lower association with frailty and mortality when achieving MVPA or RT guidelines alone, although sex and age differences demonstrate that MVPA is especially critical as females age.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".