MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4410380871 · doi:10.32799/ijih.v20i2.43831

Is Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) More Effective at Reducing Externalizing Behaviours Exhibited by At-Risk Youth in Foster Care Than Group or Institutionalized Care?

2025· article· en· W4410380871 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Apt’sqi’gnn Apt’sqi’gnn

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Indigenous Health · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicChild Welfare and Adoption
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFoster carePsychologyGerontologyNursingMedicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract: This literature review seeks to highlight an evidence base for Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) as an alternative to group or institutionalized care for at-risk youth. A literature review was conducted and studies that used experimental designs were selected for analysis. Due to a lack of Canadian research, it is hard to know whether MTFC is more effective than group or institutional care in a Canadian context. Despite the implementation of an Indigenous rights-based legal framework to guide child welfare practices with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) children and youth, tens of thousands of Indigenous children and youths remain in foster, group, or institutionalized care in Canada and face significant challenges when “aging out” of the system. Indigenous child, youth, family, and community services remain underfunded, and vulnerable Indigenous youth lack access to evidence-based treatments, which results in placement or travel of youth outside of their communities to receive mental health services. Placement in an MTFC setting appears to have the benefit of helping to reduce externalizing behaviour, more than group or institutional placements. Further research is needed to understand the needs of Indigenous communities and youth, whether an MTFC model would be effective within FNIM cultural contexts in Canada, and if the model could be implemented within FNIM communities.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.015
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.081
Threshold uncertainty score0.162

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.015
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.352
Teacher spread0.333 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueInternational Journal of Indigenous HealthSame topicChild Welfare and AdoptionFrench-language works237,207